A right to prevent or restrict others from extracting and reusing content from a database. In the EU it is regulated by a special piece of legislation – Directive 96/9/EC on the legal protection of databases.

Any organised collection of data may be considered a database. In this sense the word is synonymous with dataset. It is a collection of data stored according to a schema and manipulated according to the rules set out in one Data Modelling Facility.

A person converting data into a usable form so that they can be easily used with automated or semi-automated tools. Data wrangling may include further data cleaning.

Identified or identifiable natural person, a natural person who can be identified, directly or indirectly, in particular by reference to an identifier such as a name, an identification number, location data, an online identifier or to one or more factors specific to the physical, physiological, genetic, mental, economic, cultural or social identity of that natural person.

A measure of the usefulnessuseableness of data. An ideal dataset is accurate, complete, timely in publication, consistent in its naming of items and its handling of e.g.

An act of conserving and maintaining both the safety and integrity of data. Preservation is done through formal activities that are governed by policies, regulations and strategies directed towards protecting and prolonging the existence and authenticity of data and its metadata.

Mandated by the General Data Protection Regulation, DPbDD is a core obligation of data controllers and data processors to ensure effective implementation of data protection principles and data subjects’ rights and freedoms. The controllers are required to implement appropriate technical and organisational measures and necessary safeguards and are obliged to demonstrate the effectiveness of implemented measures.

A web platform for publishing data. The aim of a data portal is to provide a data catalogue, making data not only available but discoverable for data users, while offering a convenient publishing workflow for publishing organisations.

Breaking a data block into smaller chunks by following a set of rules so that it can be more easily interpreted, managed or transmitted by a computer.

The practice of examining large pre-existing databases in order to generate new information. ‘For example, one Midwest grocery chain used the data mining capacity of Oracle software to analyse local buying patterns. They discovered that when men bought diapers on Thursdays and Saturdays, they also tended to buy beer. Further analysis showed that these shoppers typically did their weekly grocery shopping on Saturdays. On Thursdays, however, they only bought a few items.